COTPA Mediated Nicotine Displacement Therapy as an Effective Means of Tobacco Control

Authored by Vishal Rao

In Indian early one in two men and one in five women use tobacco causing eight to nine lakh adult deaths a year [1,2]. Government of India enacted the ‘Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, in 2003 (hereafter referred to as COTPA). The major provisions of COTPA include;
  1. Prohibition of smoking in public places;
  2. Prohibition of direct and indirect advertisement of tobacco products;
  3. Prohibition on sale of tobacco products to and by minors, and within 100 yards of educational institutions; and
  4. Display of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products [3].
However, after a decade of enactment the compliance remains sub-optimal [4]. There is dearth of literature on how COTPA is being implemented and how it could be improved [5]. This paper analyzes COTPA implementation in Karnataka, India and hypothesizes it's effectiveness as a Nicotine displacement therapy an effective alternative or supplement to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Drivers of Precision Medicine: Liquid Biopsy and Next-Generation Sequencing

Image
Cancer Therapy & Oncology- Juniper Publishers                                                      Abbreviations cfDNA: Cell-Free DNA; NGS: Next-Generation Sequencing; WGS: Whole Genome Sequencing; WES: Whole Exome Sequencing; GH: Guardant Health; CT: Circulogene Theranostics Editorial Targeted therapy specifically aims at tumor genetic alterations s the hallmark of precision medicine. Companion diagnostic testing utilized to determine the presence or absence of certain oncogenic mutations prior to targeted treatment under the current medical guidelines will enable improved clinical outcome, and thus serves as a vital component for precision medicine. Standard clinical practice to assess genetic mutations in cancer patients has historically been through direct sampling of tumor tissue with biopsy or surgical resection. Unfortunately, tissue biopsy is one-time single-site sampling, painful, costly, and can miss the dynamics of tumor clonally evolution during disease progression. The
Read more

Recent Advance in Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Risk Stratification of Essential Thrombocythemia

Image
Cancer Therapy & Oncology- Juniper Publishers                                               Abstract In the 2016 version of WHO classification, bone marrow morphology is critical in the distinction between ET and pre-PMF. Reticulin-fiber grading becomes central: grade 1 or less is needed for ET. Furthermore,  CALR  assessment must be performed in all ET patients without  JAK2  mutation. Some prognostic implications have been described for  CALR  mutations, i.e., a lower risk of thrombosis in ET. Abbreviations:  MPN: Myelo Proliferative Neoplasm; WHO: World Health Organization; JAK: Janus kinase; CALR: Calreticulin; bp: base pair; MPL: Myelo Proliferative Leukemia virus oncogene; TPO: Thrombo Protein; RARS-T: Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts associated with marked Thrombocytosis; PMF: Primary Myelo Fibrosis; IPSET: The International Prognostic Score for Essential Thrombocythemia; WBC: White Blood Cell; LMWH: Low-Molecular Weight Heparin; SVT: Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis Intro
Read more

A Young Woman with Coomb's Positive Severe Haemolytic Anaemia and Hodgkin Lymphoma that Responded Completely to Rituximab: A Case Report

Image
  Cancer Therapy & Oncology- Juniper Publishers                                                      Abstract Introduction Lymphoma has been historically divided into a Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin variety. There are reported cases of Hemolytic Anemia in Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma but Hodgkin Lymphoma very rarely also present with Hemolytic Anemias. Case presentation A 27-year-old African woman presented with chronic fatigue, dyspnoea, jaundice and Splenomegalie. Her blood work revealed severe anaemia (haemoglobin, 4.9 g/dl) with biochemical evidence of haemolysis. A direct Coomb's test was reported positive. A biopsy of the lymph nodes in the neck confirmed Hodgkin Lymphoma. Initial therapy consisted of intravenous methyl prednisolone and switched over to Oral Prednisolone. However, the patient came back with raised sugar levels and there was no clinically response. The patient continued to have lower hemoglobin levels and was transfused blood repeatedly. She was started on chemotherapy
Read more